In recent years, probability theory has been one of the quickly developing branches of mathematics. Nowadays, the probability theory also plays an important role in science and in applied areas. The importance of introducing the probability theory into the school course of mathematics and its teaching is an actual problem not only in Kazakhstan, but also in all countries of the world. It is impossible to fully mastered of physics, chemistry, biology and understand the patterns of phenomena and processes without the development of the concept of random processes and their probabilities. Therefore, in this article considered the problems that arise when teaching and learning of sections of the probability theory in the middle classes and some of their solutions, effective tasks and guidelines for teachers are developed. In addition, several creative tasks were compiled for learners to understand the differences of definitions of probability, and the ways to solve them was given with methodological instructions. The effectiveness of the use of gaming technology in explaining the elements of probability theory to learners during the lesson is shown. The article determines the efficiency of completing tasks that help make decisions in life situations and the need for learners to master a number of concepts, patterns, formulas from an early age that develop the ability to think logically and probabilistically, make analytical decisions, determine possible solutions, and adapt to research processes.