This paper will re-evaluate the intellectual heritage of Kudaibergen Zhubanov, in relation to Ferdinand de Saussure and Nikolai Marr. Its main objective is to identify K. Zhubanov's contribution to linguistic thought at the beginning of the 20th century and investigate his application of synchronic-structural and diachronic methods to the Kazakh language. Applying the qualitative analysis of the text, we assign K. Zhubanov's theories concerning grammar, phonetics, morphology, syntax and lexis to linguistics and intellectual history. The study demonstrates that K. Zhubanov's method of grammatical characterization of the Kazakh language strongly conforms to F. de Saussurean structural synchronic linguistics through its meticulous organization. He at the same time assimilated N. Marr's method, which views language as a historical process shaped by development in phonetics, morphology, syntax and vocabulary, reflecting a Marxist viewpoint. K. Zhubanov, than strictly opposing the synchronic and diachronic methods, established a dynamic analytical approach: he did not separate the structural features of the Kazakh language from the historical processes of its development. Through constant observation of the etymological nature, phonetic changes and transformations in lexis, he demonstrated that a thorough knowledge of etymology is crucial for a systematic explanation of the currently functioning language system.

Apart from its purely academic value, K. Zhubanov's work is culturally important: it contributes to the definition of the Kazakh linguistic nation's identity both during and after a difficult period of cultural disruption. By drawing on the depth of Kazakh vocabulary and its phonetic structure, he gave a new meaning to the research in this area: the development of linguistic identity and national cultural consciousness and revival. His theory is a synthetic type, combining F. de Saussurean structural linguistic analysis with an understanding of the historical-materialistic genesis of language. This direction in linguistics paved the way for the development of socio-historical and functional linguistics in Kazakhstan, highlighting the enduring relevance of K. Zhubanov's scientific activity in issues of language, national language and culture

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KARABULUT F.

PhD, docent, Celal Bayar university, Manisa, Turkey

E-mail: ferhatkarabulut@yahoo.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5039-9580

MURATBEK B.K.

Candidate of philological sciences, docent, K. Zhubanov Aktobe regional university, Aktobe, Kazakhstan

Е-mail: baglash@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4100-2534

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K. Zhubanov, F. de Saussure, N. Marr, structural linguistics, diachronic linguistics, Kazakh language, linguistic historiography, national linguistic identity