The article discusses the issues of conducting and researching optimal technologies in the construction of trunks. Based on the results obtained, the changes in rocks according to traditional technology and the construction of trunks by freezing the mountain massif were investigated. In addition, an analysis of the causes and frequency of emergencies during drilling of freezing wells was carried out.
The analyzed data on the construction of shafts in various mining and geological conditions make it possible to compare data on the influence of various geological conditions on the degree of probability of emergency situations and to state that drilling-blasting operations in a monolithic rock mass do not lead to rupture of columns, while in the presence of contacts of rocks such as sand-marl rocks, breaks of freezing columns are consistently observed.
Consequently, from the analyzed statistical data, the nature of the manifestation of emergency situations varies from a suddenly increasing inflow of water into the trunk to a sudden heaving of the face to a significant height and ruptures of the rings of temporary support. The most common type of emergency situations is the breakthrough of water and brines into the trunk, causing further disruption of the freezing process.