This article provides an in-depth exploration of the concept of financial technology (FinTech), focusing on its conceptual framework, historical evolution, and theoretical foundations. FinTech is defined as a modern sector that utilizes information technologies and innovative solutions to optimize, automate, and enhance the accessibility of financial services for a broad range of users. The study analyzes and systematizes various definitions of FinTech provided by both domestic and international scholars, revealing its multifaceted nature. These perspectives highlight key aspects such as digital transformation, automation, client-oriented services, global accessibility, and financial inclusion. A chronological overview of the development of FinTech is also presented, from the introduction of payment cards in the 1950s to today’s innovations such as blockchain, mobile banking, and digital-only banks. The theoretical section emphasizes the importance of digitalization, new business models, operational efficiency, and the expansion of financial service users. Through a detailed synthesis of scholarly insights, the article underscores the growing significance of FinTech in the context of the digital economy. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of FinTech’s role in modern financial systems and can serve as a valuable resource for researchers, students, and professionals engaged in economics, finance, and technology-related disciplines.

AKHMETOVA G.I.

candidate of economics sciences, K.Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan

E-mail: gakhmetova@zhubanov.edu.kz, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9576-4323

ZHUMAGALIKYZY A.

4th-year student of the Finance educational program,  К.Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan

E-mail: zhumagalikyzy.assel04@bk.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0863-6431

BIBETOVA K.SH.

4th-year student of the Finance educational program, К.Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan

E-mail: kbibetova@bk.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8398-9034

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financial technology, FinTech, digitalization, automation, financial inclusion, innovation, blockchain, mobile banking