The geography of peoples is not just a part of socio-economic geography, but also the main field that takes into account all the demographic indicators of the world’s peoples. This article examines the issue of studying the distribution of peoples in Kazakhstan based on statistical methods. The main goal of the research is to identify the patterns of geographic distribution of peoples and scientifically assess how socio-economic factors affect settlement structures. Studying the geography of peoples using statistical data contributes to increasing the socio-economic potential of the region. During the research, materials from the population census of Kazakhstan, official demographic data from the National Statistics Bureau, and statistical data from international organizations were used. Correlation and comparative analysis methods were applied during the research process. The results showed that the population in Kazakhstan is unevenly distributed, with a high population density in the southern and southeastern regions of the country, while in the northern and central regions, there is a trend of population decline. Additionally, territorial features of the ethnic composition and internal migration patterns were identified, and it was proven that the level of urbanization is rapidly growing in large cities. Based on the results of the research, scientifically grounded recommendations can be developed to improve regional policy, optimize migration regulation mechanisms, and plan social infrastructure. This, in turn, is an important demographic structure for optimizing state policy.

TILEKOVA ZH.T.

Candidate of geographical sciences, PhD, associate professor, Kazakh National pedagogical Abai university, Almaty, Kazakhstan

E-mail: tilek_zhanna@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2342-8248

POLATOVA D.M.

Master's student, Kazakh National pedagogical Abai university, Almaty, Kazakhstan

E-mail: dinara2512p@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9956-8038

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